Which hormone lowers the blood glucose level?

Which hormone lowers the blood glucose level?

• A. Glucagon
• B. Insulin
• C. Calcitonin
• D. Thyroxine

Answer: (B)

Insulin lowers blood glucose. It’s produced by pancreatic beta cells and released when blood sugar rises after a meal. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells by increasing GLUT4 transporters on cell membranes and signals the liver to store glucose as glycogen (glycogenesis). It also inhibits glucose production by the liver (glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis). The net effect is a fall in circulating glucose levels. Glucagon, on the other hand, raises blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis. Calcitonin mainly regulates calcium levels, and thyroxine influences overall metabolic rate, not directly lowering blood glucose.

Insulin lowers blood glucose. It’s produced by pancreatic beta cells and released when blood sugar rises after a meal. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into muscle and fat cells by increasing GLUT4 transporters on cell membranes and signals the liver to store glucose as glycogen (glycogenesis). It also inhibits glucose production by the liver (glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis). The net effect is a fall in circulating glucose levels. Glucagon, on the other hand, raises blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis. Calcitonin mainly regulates calcium levels, and thyroxine influences overall metabolic rate, not directly lowering blood glucose.